Correspondence
551 Fifth Avenue · Suite 300
New York, NY 10176
Telephone: 212-297-9871
Facsimile: 866.422.0963
e-mail: jim.lusk@abm.com
James S. Lusk
Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
November 20, 2009
VIA EDGAR
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F. Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Attention: Jessica Barberich, Assistant Chief Accountant
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Re: |
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ABM Industries Incorporated
Form 10-K as of October 31, 2008
Filed on December 22, 2008
File No. 001-08929 |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
On behalf of ABM Industries Incorporated (the Company or ABM), this letter responds to
comments raised by the staff (the Staff) of the Securities and Exchange Commission in a letter
dated October 30, 2009 with respect to the above-referenced filing. All references to years made in
the responses are based on the Companys fiscal year that ends on October 31 and all references to
the Companys Form 10-K refer to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended
October 31, 2008, filed on December 22, 2008. For your convenience, our responses are keyed to the
comments in the Staffs letter.
FORM 10-K FOR THE YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2008
Item 7- Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,
page 19.
Results of Continuing Operations, page 27
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1. |
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You disclose that the decreases in janitorial revenues within the Northeast and
Southeast regions were mainly due to reduced discretionary revenues from your financial
institution customers. Please provide us with and consider disclosing in future filings a
quantification of your exposure by geographic region and also by industry. |
Response
The Company will consider disclosing revenues by geographic region in future filings. However, it
should be noted that the Companys chief operating decision maker, its chief executive officer,
makes operating decisions and assesses performance based on the results of the Janitorial segment
in total, not based on results of geographic regions.
The Company currently does not have systems in place to capture its revenues by industry type.
However, since the Northeast and Southeast regions of the Janitorial segment have a significant
concentration of financial institution customers within their respective customer base, the Company
was able to review the individual revenues from its financial institution customers in these
regions and determine the impact of reduced customer discretionary revenue within those regions.
The Northeast and the Southeast regions revenues decreased by $1.0 million and $8.1 million,
respectively, during 2008 compared to 2007. Discretionary revenue from our financial institution
customers in the Northeast region decreased by $9.2 million in 2008 compared to 2007, which was
offset by revenue increases from non-financial institution customers of $8.2 million. Discretionary
revenue from our financial institution customers in the Southeast region decreased by $10.9 million
in 2008 compared to 2007.
Financial Statements and Notes
Note 1 Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, page 43
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, page 44
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2. |
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We note your accounting policy for your allowance for doubtful accounts. We also note
your disclosure on page 23 that accounts receivable over 90 days past due increased by
$23.4 million to $47.3 million at October 31, 2008 from $23.9 million at October 31, 2007.
In light of the significant increase, please tell us how you determined that your allowance
for doubtful accounts was adequate. You state that the allowance is typically estimated
based on an analysis of the historical rate of credit losses or write-offs and specific
customer concerns. You also note on page 10 that the current turmoil in the credit markets
and financial services industry may cause delays in collections; to the extent that you do
not |
2
expect historical rates to be reflective of expected future credit losses, tell us how
you have adjusted your allowance for doubtful accounts accordingly.
Response
The Company acquired OneSource Services, Inc. (OneSource) on November 14, 2007, which increased
gross accounts receivables by $94.7 million. Additionally, the OneSource acquisition increased the
Companys revenues by $817.5 million for the year ended October 31, 2008. The Companys gross
accounts receivable over 90 days past due increased by $23.4 million to $47.3 million at October
31, 2008 from $23.9 million at October 31, 2007. Approximately $11.4 million, or 48.7%, of this
increase was related to services provided by OneSource and the uncollected portion of the acquired
gross accounts receivables. The remaining $12.0 million of the increase in gross accounts
receivable over 90 days past due was primarily a result of increases in revenues in all operating
segments as a result of new business and the expansion of services to existing customers.
As of October 31, 2008, the allowance for doubtful accounts of $12.5 million was comprised of $3.8
million of specific reserves and $8.7 million of bad-debt reserves and sales allowance. Each of the
components of the allowance for doubtful accounts was determined as follows:
Specific Reserves
The Companys specific reserve analysis is determined based on a detailed review of customer
accounts with balances greater than 180 days past due and for all customers that are presently
in bankruptcy or with which we are in litigation. Additionally, we review all existing balances
with former customers of the Company. The analysis to determine a specific reserve is based upon
various factors, including reviews by in-house counsel (for customers in bankruptcy or in
litigation) and takes into account historical payment trends from the Companys collections
department. All amounts determined to be uncollectible, based on the individual facts and
circumstances related to the account, are specifically reserved for. Additionally, the Company
writes off all accounts receivable balances greater than 360 days past due, excluding amounts
determined to be collectible based upon specific individual circumstances.
Bad-debt Reserves
The bad-debt analysis performed at October 31, 2008 analyzed the three and five year averages of
actual write-offs, excluding specific reserves. Based on this analysis, the Company concluded
that a 0.5% reserve of gross accounts receivable was reasonable and appropriate.
Sales Allowance
The Companys sales allowance analysis is estimated based on a review of historical credit
memos, net of invoice re-bills, as a percentage of gross accounts receivable. Credit memos
3
are issued primarily for vacancy credits, concessions, disputed charges, and billing errors. The
sales allowance analysis performed at October 31, 2008, which was based upon an analysis of
actual credit memos issued for a two-year period ended August 31, 2008, concluded that a 1.0%
reserve of gross accounts receivable was reasonable and appropriate as of October 31, 2008.
The results of the Companys analysis of the components of the allowance for doubtful accounts at
October 31, 2008 resulted in an allowance of $12.5 million, an increase of $6.1 million, or 95.4%,
compared to the $6.4 million recorded at October 31, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable
to the acquisition of OneSource. Additionally, as of October 31, 2008 and 2007, the allowance for
doubtful accounts represented 2.6% and 1.8%, respectively, of the gross accounts receivable.
As described in Item 1A. Risk Factors in the Companys Form 10-K, the Company noted that the
then-current turmoil in the credit markets and financial services industry might impact the
Companys ability to collect receivables on a timely basis and might negatively impact cash flows.
This specific risk was included as a risk factor since the Company believed that the then-current
turmoil in the credit markets could cause the Companys actual allowance for doubtful accounts to
differ materially from what was estimated, since some customers might be unable to finance their
working capital requirements. While this risk to the Company was identified, known risks were
specifically reserved for and there was no evidence that historical trends were no longer
reflective of expected future credit losses. Based on actual collections of accounts receivable
during 2009, there have been no indicators that the allowance for doubtful accounts at October 31,
2008 was not appropriate.
Note 2 Insurance, page 48
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3. |
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We note that your self-insurance expense declined by approximately $23 million due to
adjustments made to your reserve during 2008. Please describe the specific factors and
assumptions that resulted in the reduced reserve balance. |
Response
As described in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8,
Financial Statements and Supplemental Data in the Companys Form 10-K, the Company periodically
evaluates its estimated claim costs and liabilities for self-insurance reserves, primarily related
to workers compensation and general liability exposures. During 2008, the Company evaluated its
self-insurance reserves on three separate measurement dates using the most recent claims and
trending data available at each date. The Company uses third-party service providers to administer
its claims. The case reserves for individual reported claims established by the third-party
administrator and the amount of claims paid in any period are
4
considered by management in establishing its best estimate of the required self-insurance reserves.
Furthermore, the Company engages an independent actuary to develop a point estimate to assist in
determining its self-insurance reserves. The Company consistently adjusts its self-insurance
reserves to the point estimate after review and acceptance of the independent actuarys work. The
self-insurance reserves are recorded and adjusted on an undiscounted basis.
During 2008, the Company noted the continuation of favorable developments in its claims management
process as well as the effects of favorable legislation in certain states, primarily in California,
which made it appropriate to reduce reserves. Additionally, the Companys third-party administrator
increased its efforts to close out claims more quickly, which typically results in lower overall
costs.
The Company also continued to experience the favorable impact of prior workers compensation reforms
in California. Prior to the reforms of 2003 and 2004, the California workers compensation system
was characterized by high insurance rates to employers and variability in benefits to injured
workers. To address rising costs, a series of reforms were passed by the California Legislature.
The reforms focused on, among other things, revising medical fee schedules, improving quality of
care, encouraging medical utilization review, capping temporary disability benefits, and reducing
the number and size of permanent disability awards. Following the implementation of reforms, from
2004 to 2008, the industry workers compensation claims cost benchmark was reduced by 65%. The
reforms not only favorably affected claims incurred after 2004, but also favorably affected certain
claims open at the time the reforms were enacted. Accordingly, as benefits of the reforms have
become more readily measurable, estimates of the cost of settling these older claims have been
reduced.
Additionally, internal loss control programs such as light duty/return to work, reduction of
reporting lag time, and increased use of medical provider networks contributed to reducing the
average cost of our claims.
Reduced claim costs, which the Company believes were driven by the continuing effects of California
workers compensation reform and internal loss control efforts, were observed during 2008 in both
its general liability and workers compensation programs claims in 2008. After analyzing the
historical loss development patterns, comparing the loss development against benchmarks, and
applying actuarial projection methods (including Paid and Reported Development and
Bornhuetter-Ferguson methods), the Company and its independent actuary selected lower estimated
ultimate losses for policy years 2006-2007 and prior for the evaluations performed during 2008,
which resulted in a decline in the self-insurance reserves of $22.8 million in 2008. Throughout
2008, the Company and its independent actuary observed better-than-expected reported and paid loss
emergence in the general liability and workers compensation programs. This better-than-expected
emergence was primarily observed in policy years 2005-06 and 2006-07 for both programs. This
observed emergence was the basis for managements selection of lower estimated ultimate losses, and
a reduction in the overall reserves established.
5
Note 8 Other Commitments, pages 53-54
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4. |
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We refer to your arrangement with International Business Machines Corporation (IBM)
which includes $116.6 million of base fees and $6.3 million of deferred costs. We further
note that you entered into several agreements subsequent to the original agreement
effective October 1, 2006. Please describe in detail how you accounted for each component
of the various agreements with IBM in each of the financial statements for fiscal years
2006, 2007 and 2008. Additionally provide us with the GAAP basis that supports your
write-off of $6.3 million in deferred costs during 2008 particularly given that it appears
that you have on-going commitments. |
Response
The significant arrangements with International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) are summarized
as follows:
I. Master Professional Services Agreement, effective October 1, 2006
II. Contract Change Request (Application Maintenance & Support), dated January 23, 2007
III. Contract Change Request (Statement of Work for J.D. Edwards Implementation), dated
April 4, 2007
IV. Contract Change Request (OneSource Data Center), dated March 10, 2008
The discussion below summarizes the terms of these arrangements and the historical accounting for
each.
I. Master Professional Services Agreement
On September 29, 2006, the Company entered into a Master Professional Services Agreement (MSA)
pursuant to which outsourced substantially all of the Companys information technology (IT)
infrastructure and support services to IBM, including: (i) data center and server services, (ii)
network services, (iii) VIP & workstation services, (iv) helpdesk services, and (v) application
maintenance services. The MSA became effective October 1, 2006, and was scheduled to terminate in
December 2013.
The base fee for these services was $116.5 million, consisting of annual service charges ($109.4
million) and transition costs (aggregating $7.1 million). The charges were subject to adjustment
based upon (i) actual usage (Resource Units), (ii) inflation (Economic Changes Adjustments), and
(iii) Benchmarking Review. The transition costs were billed during 2006 and 2007 and related to
work necessary to prepare IBM to provide continuing services under the outsourcing arrangement
(Transition Services) Transition Services included activities such as IBM hiring employees,
developing transition plans, establishing connectivity, developing process and procedures,
establishing a network operations center, migrating data and applications, etc..
6
Accounting in 2006
In 2006, the Company accounted for the MSA in three separate components: (i) severance charges,
(ii) transition costs, and (iii) annual service charges.
Severance Charges
As part of the transition of IT services to IBM, 63 of ABMs employees were scheduled to be
transitioned to IBM for a period of six months, commencing October 1, 2006. Included in the
transition costs discussed above was $0.9 million that IBM charged the Company in the fourth
quarter of 2006 for separation benefits associated with these former employees. The Company
recognized an expense of $0.6 million, consistent with the timing of such severance
activities and the Companys belief that such costs were subject to CON 6 (definition of a
liability) and ASC 450 Contingencies.
Transition Costs
Transition costs billed by IBM during the fourth quarter of 2006 ($1.5 million) were
expensed.
Annual Service Charges
The Company was charged $1.4 million in annual service charges in 2006 which were expensed.
Accounting in 2007
Reconsideration of Historical Accounting
In 2007, the Company reconsidered the accounting for costs under the MSA in order to account
for the expected future benefit to be received throughout the term of the MSA.
Evaluation of MSA as One Unit of Accounting
The Company continued to believe that the Severance Costs discussed above were properly
expensed as incurred since those costs approximated the benefits that the Company would have
otherwise provided to separate the affected ABM employees. However, the Company believes
that the other costs under the MSA (specifically the transition costs and annual service
charges) should be accounted for as a single unit of accounting because:
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a. |
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The MSA represents a single economic transaction the
outsourcing of ongoing IT services. (i.e., the Transition Services
discussed above do not have economic substance separate from the continuing
outsourced services, as Transition Services would only be incurred in
contemplation of a continuing outsourcing relationship); |
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b. |
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The amounts stated in the contract for transition costs
and annual service charges do not necessarily represent the relative fair
value of those services; and |
7
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c. |
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Although not determinative to the Companys accounting
(but noted for purposes of correlation) the Company believes that, for
revenue recognition purposes, a vendor would be required to treat the MSA
as a single unit of accounting, as the Transition Services do not appear to
meet the criteria for separation under ASC 605-25 Multiple-Element
Arrangements or other revenue recognition models (e.g., SOP 81-1, SAB 101
or SAB 104). |
Straight-Lining of Expense and Associated Deferral of Costs
The Company believes that the MSA represents a firmly-committed, executory contract
(analogous to an operating lease under ASC 840-20 Operating Leases). ASC 840-20-25-1
provides that If rental payments are not made on a straight-line basis, rental expense
nevertheless shall be recognized on a straight-line basis unless another systematic and
rational basis is more representative of the time pattern in which use benefit is
derived... Although the scheduled transition costs and annual service charges decrease over
time, the service level under the MSA was expected to be consistent over time. Therefore,
the Company determined that straight-line expense was best representative of the time
pattern in which the benefit was expected to be derived. Accordingly, in 2007 the Company
changed its accounting for the MSA to prospectively recognize expense on a straight-line
basis over the term of the arrangement.
The Company deferred the difference between the amounts billed under the MSA for the period
November 1, 2007 through 2007 (exclusive of the Severance Costs discussed above) and the
associated straight-line expense.
Consideration of Whether Deferred Costs Represent Assets
The Company has considered whether the deferred costs meet the definition of an asset under
CON6, and has concluded that the probable future economic benefit is represented by the
Companys legally enforceable right under a firmly-committed executory contract to
consistent levels of outsourced IT services in the future with decreasing scheduled payments
over time. The Company believes that its view is consistent with paragraph 31 of CON 6,
which states Rights to receive services of other entities for specified or determinable
future periods can be assets of particular entities.
Potential Adjustments to Annual Service Charges Accounted for Prospectively
The MSA also includes provisions to adjust for, among other things, (i) Resource Unit
adjustments (designed to measure consumption of services), (ii) Economic Change Adjustments
(designed to track inflation, as measured by the U.S. Employment Cost Index), and (iii)
Benchmarking Reviews (market-studies conducted at ABMs option during or after the third
contract year). During 2007, ABM was billed $1.2 million, in the aggregate, for Resource
Unit and Economic Change Adjustments, which were recorded as incurred.
8
Evaluation of Errors in 2006 Financial Statements
As a result of the 2007 reconsideration of our historical accounting for the MSA, the
Company believes that there was a misstatement in its 2006 financial statements. The Company
evaluated whether the misstatement was material by considering SAB 99, Materiality and SAB
108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatement in
Current Year Financial Statement. The Company concluded that the error (i.e., expensing $1.5
million in transition costs and $1.4 million in annual service charges in 2006 rather than
the amortizing such costs on a straight-line basis over the remaining service term of the
MSA) was not material.
Accounting in 2008
Evaluation of IBMs Performance Resulted in Assessment of Impairment
As discussed above, services under the MSA included: (i) data center and server services,
(ii) network services, (iii) VIP & workstation services, (iv) helpdesk services and (v)
application maintenance services. During 2008, the Company assessed the services being
provided by IBM under the MSA to determine whether the services provided and the level of
support were in compliance with IBMs obligations under the MSA and consistent with the
Companys strategic objectives. As a result of that assessment, the Company determined that
a substantial portion of the future services to be received under the MSA would be
transitioned away from IBM. Specifically, in the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company
determined that all services would be discontinued, except for a portion of the data center
and server services. It should be noted that the MSA was amended in the second quarter of
2009 in a manner consistent with the assumptions on which the 2008 accounting was based.
As noted earlier, the Company believes that the deferred costs associated with the MSA are
an asset representing its rights to receive continued services from IBM under the MSA.
Considering the Companys intention to substantially curtail the services to be received
under the MSA, the Company believes that, as of October 31, 2008, the expected future
benefits of the remaining deferred charges was substantially diminished (i.e., it was no
longer probable that the Company would continue to receive the full economic benefit of
those deferred charges, and therefore, a portion of the deferred charges no longer met the
definition of an asset under CON 6) and the deferred charges were impaired.
Impairment Was Measured and Recorded
The decision to substantially curtail the services under the MSA led the Company to
disaggregate the associated deferred costs into two components: (i) the portion that was
constructively abandoned, and (ii) the portion that was to be retained (related to the
arrangement for ongoing data center and server services). The Company measured impairment
(i.e., the amount ascribed to component (i)) by estimating the proportionate amount of
services that were no longer expecting to receive under the amended arrangement.
Accordingly, the Company wrote off approximately $6.3 million (of an aggregate remaining
$7.3 million) of deferred costs related to the MSA.
9
II. Contract Change Request (Application Maintenance & Support), dated January 23, 2007
On January 23, 2007, the Company amended the MSA by entering into a Contract Change Request with
IBM to outsource additional IT services (namely, maintenance and support services for our UNIX
payroll system) between April 1, 2007 and October 31, 2010 for total consideration of $2.3 million.
Consistent with the contractually-scheduled charges, the level of service under the agreement
decreased over time (as users under our UNIX platform migrated to our planned JD Edwards platform
during that period). Accordingly, amounts incurred under this arrangement were expensed as
incurred.
III. Contract Change Request (Statement of Work for J.D. Edwards Implementation), dated April
4, 2007
On April 4, 2007, the Company entered into a Statement of Work agreement with IBM, executed under
the MSA, for IBM to assist and support in the upgrade and consolidation of its accounting systems
and the implementation of new payroll, human resources, and benefits management systems. The
implementation of the new system commenced in July 2008, was scheduled to be completed by 2009 and
was expected to cost approximately $26.2 million.
On June 13, 2008, the Company entered into an additional Statement of Work with IBM, for the
upgrade and migration of OneSource to ABMs J.D. Edwards platform. The project was scheduled to be
completed in February 2009 and was expected to cost approximately $3.5 million.
On September 18, 2008, the Company signed a Project Change Request related to the J.D. Edwards
upgrade and implementation, which added additional customized features to the original project.
Expected cost for these services was approximately $0.6 million.
As the contracted IBM services significantly modify and/or develop software to solely meet the
Companys needs, the Company accounted for the costs incurred under this arrangement in accordance
with ASC 350-40 Internal-Use Software (ASC 350-40). Accordingly, the Company expensed the costs
associated with the preliminary project and post-implementation phases, and capitalized costs
associated with application development.
IV. Contract Change Request (OneSource Data Center), dated March 10, 2008
As a result of the increase in IT outsourcing needs related to the Companys acquisition of
OneSource, on March 10, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with IBM, executed under the
MSA, to transfer the OneSource operational IT systems to IBMs data center. The transfer was
scheduled to be completed by August 31, 2009. The cost of services to be provided by IBM was
expected to be approximately $8.8 million. As the scheduled contractual payments and the related
services to be provided decreased over the term of the arrangement (consistent with the transition of One Source data center activities to the Companys legacy data center),
amounts were expensed as incurred.
10
Note 13 Discontinued Operations, pages 61-62
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5. |
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We note that you recorded $4.5 million in impairment charges during the second quarter
of 2008 related to your Lighting division. We further note that you recognized a $3.5
million loss on the sale of your Lighting division in the fourth quarter of 2008 in
addition to the impairment charge. Please tell us the specific factors that resulted in
the impairment during the second quarter of 2008. |
Response
As discussed in the response to Comment 6 below, the Company held preliminary discussions with
several third parties during 2007 concerning potential transactions involving the Lighting
division. During the second quarter of 2008, the Company had advanced its negotiations with
Sylvania Lighting Services Corp (Sylvania) to the point at which it became evident that
impairment of the Lighting reporting unit existed (i.e., it became apparent that the reporting unit
would more-likely-than-not be sold below its carrying amount).
The Company measured and recognized an impairment charge of $4.5 million, during the quarter ended
April 30, 2008 (in accordance with ASC 350-20-35 Goodwill) based upon a preliminary offer from
Sylvania to purchase substantially all of the Lighting divisions assets (exclusive of trade and
other receivables and certain other assets) for $34.6 million. Upon closing of the sale to Sylvania
on October 31, 2008, the Company recognized a loss primarily due to (i) finalization of the
negotiated sales price, (ii) closing costs, and (iii) finalization of income tax accounting for the
sale.
We supplementally inform the staff that the Company concluded that the Lighting reporting unit did
not meet the criteria for classification as held for sale as of April 30, 2008, primarily because,
at that time (i) management did not have board authorization to approve or commit to a sale, and
(ii) a sale was not yet deemed to be probable.
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6. |
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Furthermore, we note that you performed an impairment test on your goodwill in the
fourth quarter of FY 2007 and concluded that your goodwill was not impaired. Please advise
us if the lighting reporting unit was at risk of failing step one of the impairment test as
of October 31, 2007. Tell us if the fair value was substantially in excess of the carrying
value and tell us the percentage of the excess. Also, describe how you validated the
carrying value of your goodwill as of October 31, 2007 including a discussion of your
valuation methods, the weighting of those methods, and the significant assumptions used. |
11
Response
The Company did not believe that the Lighting reporting unit was at risk of failing step one of its
annual goodwill impairment test as of October 31, 2007, because the estimated fair value of the
reporting unit was substantially (between 12% and 21%) in excess of its carrying amount
(approximately $82.4 million, inclusive of trade and other receivables and certain other assets
(aggregating approximately $62.8 million) which were ultimately not included in the subsequent sale
to Sylvania).
The Company estimated the fair value of the Lighting reporting unit considering (i) a discounted
cash flow model prepared by a third-party appraiser, and (ii) discussions with third-parties about
a potential transaction.
Discounted Cash Flow Model
The estimated fair value of the Lighting reporting unit using a discounted cash flow model was $92
million to $100 million. In applying this methodology, the cash flow available for distribution was
estimated for a finite period of years. Cash flow available for distribution was defined, for
purposes of this analysis, as the amount of cash that could be distributed without impairing future
profitability or operations of the Lighting reporting unit. The cash flow available for
distribution and the terminal value were then discounted to present value to derive an indication
of value of the business enterprise for the Lighting reporting unit.
The significant assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model (described below) were derived
directly from the 2008 annual budget presented to the Companys Board of Directors, and its future
operational and strategic plans, which represented the best estimate of the Companys expectations
of future operating results at that time.
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Revenue was estimated to increase from $114.0 million in 2008 to $246.1 million in 2020,
representing a CAGR of 6.6% over the estimation period. On a year-over-year basis, revenue
growth was expected to increase from (0.2)% in 2008 to 7.0% in 2009 through 2018. The growth
rates then trended downward to 5.5% in 2019 and 4.0% in 2020. |
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|
Cost of Goods Sold, as a percentage of revenue, was estimated to decline slightly from
74.8% in 2008 to 73.8% in 2009, before decreasing slightly over the period of estimation to
72.7% in 2020. |
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Selling and Marketing as a percentage of revenue was estimated to decrease over the
estimated period from 5.1% in 2008 to 2.5% in 2020. |
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General and Administrative as a percentage of revenue was estimated to decline over the
estimation period from 17.0% in 2008 to 9.5% in 2020. |
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Depreciation and amortization expense as a percentage of revenue was estimated to range
from 0.9% to 1.6%. The estimation was based upon Lightings current fixed asset balances,
expected future capital additions, a remaining life of three years for existing fixed assets
and a life of five years for capital additions. |
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Tax expense was estimated at an effective tax rate of 37.5% of pretax income. |
12
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Debt-free net working capital was estimated to remain at 25.0% of revenue throughout the
estimation period. |
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A discount rate of 15.0% was used to discount to present value the debt-free cash flows
available for distribution and the terminal values. The discount rate was determined by the
summation of a 90.0% weighting of the total cost of equity and a 10.0% weighting of the after
tax cost of debt. |
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Terminal Year Growth Factor - Debt-free cash flows were estimated into perpetuity based on
a constant growth model in which the growth rate declines linearly between the end of forecast
period and the terminal period. The debt-free cash flow estimated in the discount cash flow
analysis was normalized into perpetuity based on a terminal year growth factor of 4.0%. |
Discussions with Third-Parties
Although the Company had not determined to sell its Lighting division during 2007, the Company held
preliminary discussions with several third parties concerning potential transactions involving the
division. Based upon these discussions there were no indicators that a reasonable offer from a
third party would be below its carrying amount. These discussions included the receipt of one
informal offer from a third-party individual to purchase substantially all of the divisions
assets. The Companys evaluation of this preliminary offer resulted in its conclusion that the
potential buyer would likely be unable raise appropriate financing. Accordingly, no weight was
placed on the informal offer in estimating fair value.
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7. |
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Tell us if any of the remaining reporting units that were not impaired were at risk of
failing step one of the impairment test as of October 31, 2008. Tell us if the fair value
of any of the reporting units was not substantially in excess of the carrying value. If
any of the reporting units were at risk, tell us the percentage by which the fair value
exceeded the carrying amount and describe the methods and key assumptions used to determine
that that goodwill associated with the reporting units was not impaired as of October 31,
2008. |
13
Response
In May 2008, we changed the timing of our annual goodwill impairment testing from the end of the
fourth quarter (October 31) to the beginning of the fourth quarter (August 1). As of August 1,
2008, the fair values of each of the Companys reporting units (i.e., Janitorial, Parking, Security
and Engineering) were substantially in excess of their respective carrying values shown in the
following table:
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% Excess over |
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Fair Value - Low |
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Fair Value - High |
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Carrying value |
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(in thousands) |
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Janitorial |
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$ |
1,439,000 |
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$ |
1,599,000 |
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121% - 146 |
% |
Parking |
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214,000 |
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|
235,000 |
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|
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386% - 434 |
% |
Security |
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132,000 |
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|
153,000 |
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52% - 76 |
% |
Engineering |
|
|
170,000 |
|
|
|
186,000 |
|
|
|
375% - 420 |
% |
The Companys market capitalization as of August 1, 2008, was approximately $1.2 billion.
Subsequent to August 1, 2008 through December 22, 2008 (date the Form 10-K was filed), it was noted
that the Companys stock price decreased from $24.24 at
August 1, 2008 to $16.33 at October 31, 2008
and $17.85 at December 22, 2008. As a result, a valuation sensitivity analysis was performed to
determine the potential implications of the decline in the Companys market capitalization to its
estimate of the fair value of its reporting units. Based upon the sensitivity analysis, the Company
determined that the noted reduction in its market capitalization would not reduce the fair value of
any of the reporting units below their carrying amounts as of October 31, 2008. Further, it should
be noted that at no point during the period from August 1, 2008 to October 31, 2008 did the
Companys market capitalization fall below its carrying amount as of October 31, 2008. No other
events or circumstances were noted that would indicate that the fair value of any reporting unit
was below its carrying amount as of October 31, 2008. Accordingly, the Company did not believe that
any of its reporting units were at risk of failing step one of the impairment test as of August 1,
2008 or October 31, 2008.
Note 20 Subsequent Event, page 65
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8. |
|
We note that you and your third party administrator settled an outstanding claim in
November 2008. Please tell us what consideration you gave to recording the $9.8 million
benefit during FY 2008. |
Response
In accounting for this gain contingency, the Company followed ASC 450-30-25-1, which states
Contingencies that might result in gains usually are not reflected in the accounts since to do so
might be to recognize revenue prior to it realization.
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The Company entered into an agreement to settle its claim against a third-party administrator in
November 2008. Accordingly, no consideration was given to record the $9.8 million settlement
benefit in 2008, since the gain contingency was settled subsequent to 2008. The settlement amount
of $9.8 million was received in January 2009 and thus recorded in the three months ended January
31, 2009.
On behalf of the Company, the undersigned hereby acknowledges that:
|
|
|
The Company is responsible for the adequacy and accuracy of the disclosure in the
filings it makes with the Securities and Exchange Commission; |
|
|
|
Staff comments or changes to disclosure in response to Staff comments in the filings
reviewed by the Staff do not foreclose the Securities and Exchange Commission from taking
any action with respect to the filings; and |
|
|
|
The Company may not assert Staff comments as a defense in any proceeding initiated by
the Securities and Exchange Commission or any person under the federal securities laws of
the United States. |
As our fiscal year ended on October 31st and we normally release earnings in early to
mid December, we would appreciate it if you would let us know whether we can assist with your
review of this letter, or if you have any questions with respect to any of the information in this
letter, as soon as possible. You can telephone me at 212-297-9871. My fax number is 212-922-0610.
Very truly yours,
/s/ James Lusk
James Lusk
Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
15